{"id":39,"date":"2015-01-30T09:30:23","date_gmt":"2015-01-30T09:30:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/themes.tielabs.com\/sahifa5\/?p=39"},"modified":"2025-08-13T14:17:35","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T10:47:35","slug":"%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b1-snubber-circuits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/world\/%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b1-snubber-circuits\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (Snubber Circuits) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"model-response-message-contentr_cd86d012ea119016\" class=\"markdown markdown-main-panel stronger enable-updated-hr-color\" dir=\"rtl\">\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (Snubber Circuits) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0641\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c IGBT\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u062a \u0631\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 (\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06af) \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u06cc) \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c <b>\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a-\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f)<\/b> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af) \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698:<\/b> \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/b> \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06af) \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f EMI (\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u0633\u06cc) \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af:<\/b> \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><b>\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 (C):<\/b> \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0646 <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">v<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">t<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (\u0646\u0631\u062e \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a (R):<\/b> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0638\u06cc\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646:<\/b> \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a R \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc:<\/b> \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f (D):<\/b> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u0638\u06cc\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 R\u060c C \u0648 D \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 R \u0648 C \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06f1: \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">b<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">u<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b> \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 DC \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9 AC \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">I<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">l<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">o<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">a<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b> \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc PCB \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u067e \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.\n<ul>\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>): \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u067e \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">t<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">es<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">t<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 Lp\u200b \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f:\n<p>Lp\u200b=(2\u03c0f1\u200b)2Ctest\u200b1\u200b\u2212(2\u03c0f0\u200b)2Cp\u200b1\u200b<\/p>\n<p>\u06a9\u0647 Cp\u200b \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b> \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06f2: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u060c \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1.2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0627 <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1.5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06f3: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (C):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">E<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">L<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">I<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">l<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">o<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">a<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f: <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">E<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">C<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 C \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">I<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">l<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">o<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">a<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\">2<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">I<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">l<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">o<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">a<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\">2<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 C:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">v<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">t<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648 ESR (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644) \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 1.5 \u062a\u0627 2 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06f4: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (R):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a R \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u0648 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">P<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a R \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 R \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">Z<\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"svg-align\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span>\/<span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"hide-tail\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"katex-svg\" src=\"data:;base64,<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.28em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1296\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M263\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">R<\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2248<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">Z<\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"svg-align\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span>\/<span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"hide-tail\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"katex-svg\" src=\"data:;base64,<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.28em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1296\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M263\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0645)<\/p>\n<p>\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 R \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc RC \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u0648 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646) \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 R:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627) \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 R \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 R \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 R \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06f5: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f (D):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 (Fast Recovery Diode) \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 (Ultra-Fast Recovery Diode) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">RRM<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b> \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">I<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">F<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b> \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">t<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">rr<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>):<\/b> \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06f6: \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc (\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u067e \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 R \u0648 C\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u067e \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f LTSpice, PSpice \u0648 &#8230;) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u067e \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647:\n<ul>\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06af) \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a C \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 R \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a R \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc DC (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RC (\u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 RCD \u0627\u0633\u062a) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 (C):<\/b> 0.1 \u062a\u0627 0.47 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f (<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">\u03bc<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">F<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a (R):<\/b> 47 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627 220 \u0627\u0647\u0645<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646:<\/b> 2 \u062a\u0627 3 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062e\u0637 (\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc DC \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f (Freewheeling Diode) \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u067e\u06cc\u0686 \u0631\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u067e\u06cc\u0686 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 RCD \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u06af\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/b><\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><b>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644:<\/b> \u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 (\u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc).<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627:<\/b> <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">I<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">l<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">o<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">a<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">b<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">u<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632:<\/b> \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 C:<\/b> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\">2<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">L<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">I<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">l<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">o<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">a<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\">2<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 R:<\/b> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u06cc <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">P<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">C<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">V<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">p<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">e<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">ak<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 R \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f:<\/b> \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc:<\/b> \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 R \u0648 C \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u200c\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (Snubber Circuits) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0641\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c IGBT\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u062a \u0631\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 (\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06af) \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u06cc) \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":895,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[40],"class_list":["post-39","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-world","tag-40"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (Snubber Circuits) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af - \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u067e\u0646<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/world\/\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc-\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631-snubber-circuits\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (Snubber Circuits) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 (Snubber Circuits) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06af (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0641\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c IGBT\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u062a \u0631\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 (\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06af) \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u06cc) \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639 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