{"id":983,"date":"2025-09-11T12:53:19","date_gmt":"2025-09-11T09:23:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/?p=983"},"modified":"2025-09-11T16:16:35","modified_gmt":"2025-09-11T12:46:35","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b2%d9%87-%da%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%85%d8%aa-%db%b4-%d8%b3%db%8c%d9%85%d9%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/world\/%d8%a7%d9%84%da%a9%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86%db%8c%da%a9\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b2%d9%87-%da%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%85%d8%aa-%db%b4-%d8%b3%db%8c%d9%85%d9%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0646 (\u06f4 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u200c\u0633\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u200c\u0633\u0646\u062c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 (\u0633\u06cc\u0645 R) \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0645\u200c\u0633\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc (\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 R) \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"429\" height=\"221\" src=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-985\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example1.jpg 429w, https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example1-300x155.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 429px) 100vw, 429px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u062c (\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647) \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f)\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0648\/\u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 (R = E\/I). \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"431\" height=\"257\" src=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example2.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-987\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example2.webp 431w, https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example2-300x179.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 431px) 100vw, 431px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 (\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 (Rsubject) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"435\" height=\"317\" src=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example3.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-989\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example3.webp 435w, https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/ohmmeter-example3-300x219.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0646\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u06cc) \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0686\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"445\" height=\"271\" src=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/volmeter-and-ammeter.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-991\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/volmeter-and-ammeter.webp 445w, https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/volmeter-and-ammeter-300x183.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 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src=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/kelvin-clips-jaw-halves.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-995\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/kelvin-clips-jaw-halves.webp 573w, https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/kelvin-clips-jaw-halves-300x145.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 573px) 100vw, 573px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0698 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 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\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0634\u0646\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"312\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/voltmeter-measure-shunt-resistance.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1001\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/voltmeter-measure-shunt-resistance.jpg 312w, https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/voltmeter-measure-shunt-resistance-219x300.jpg 219w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc (\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc = &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc&#8221;) \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f&#8221; \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f: \u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc 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\u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u063a\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u063a\u0648\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc 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alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1004\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/knobs-securing-the-voltmeter.jpg 480w, https:\/\/ilk.ir\/sahifa\/wp-content\/uploads\/knobs-securing-the-voltmeter-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u200c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 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